Biology Medical Terms Patient Scenario Assignment Paper - 550 Words

Biology Medical Terms: Patient Scenario Assignment Paper (Essay Sample) Content: Patient ScenarioName:Institution:1. What are the components of physical examination? Describe each component.Components for physical examination are K+, Hb (Haemoglobin), Hct (hematocrit), and Platelet Count. K+ tests are used to determine potassium levels in blood as they cause or affect conditions such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and kidney disease. Haemoglobin test is used to check for hematocrit and anemia. The test is used to monitor, screen numerous diseases and conditions that affect the amount of haemoglobin in blood or red blood cells. Hematocrit test is used to establish the ratio of ones blood that is composed of red blood cells to check or diagnose for conditions or diseases that affect red blood cells; usually when polycythemia or anemia are suspected. Platelet count is a test used to diagnose, monitor, or screen for conditions that affect the count of platelets in the blood (American Association for Clinical Chemistry, 2015).2. Mr. Smiths bloo d pressure was 160/100 mmHg. How does a medical provider take ormeasure blood pressure? What do the top (numerator) and bottom (denominator) numbersmean in the biological sense? What is the significance the size of these two numbers? Is Mr.Smiths blood pressure within normal range? Explain how you concluded whether Mr. Smithsblood pressure is/is not within normal range.An instrument called sphygmomanometer is used to measure blood pressure. A special cuff is wrapped around ones arm, the inflated with a pump until circulation stops. A small valve is then applied in deflating the cuff as the physician uses a stethoscope to listen to pulses in the arteries. The top number (systolic) measures the pressure in the arteries when the cardiac muscles contract. The lower number (diastolic) measures the pressure in the arteries when the cardiac muscles are resting between heartbeats thus refilling blood to the heart. Blood pressure exceeding 140/90 is called hypertension or high blood pressure ; while below 90/60 is called hypotension. Hypertension can cause kidney failure, heart attack, stroke, and heart failure. On the other hand, hypotension can lead to shock, fainting, and dizziness (Iliades, 2009). Mr. Smiths blood pressure is 160/100 mmHg which falls outside the normal range. The measurements lie outside the normal blood pressure ranges which is 140/90 mmHg 90/60 mmHg (Iliades, 2009).3. Based on the data provided, what laboratory tests were performed and what samples weretaken from the patient? Select one of the laboratory tests ordered for Mr. Smith and discusswhy Mr. Smiths physician might have ordered the test and the information she might haveexpected to obtain from that particular test.Laboratory tests performed were: K+, Hb, Hct, Platelet Count, HCO3, Urinary K+, Blood Glucose, Serum Aldosterone, 24 hour Urinary Aldosterone, Renin, ACTH (Adrenocorticotr opic Hormone), and Cortisol. Samples taken were blood, urine, and saliva. Haemoglobin test might have been ordered because Mr. Smith complained of feeling weak and extremely tired. Expected results were that he is anemic or with a low count of red blood cells.4. Compare Mr. Smiths values with reference values and indicate whether MR. Smiths valuesare below, above, or within normal range (compare Mr. Smiths values with the Referencevalues) for each laboratory tests in the table above from the second set of tests.K+ results are below the reference values, haemoglobin results are below the reference values, hematocrit results are below the reference values, and platelet count below the reference values.5. What imaging procedures did Mr. Smith undergo? Discuss the distinctions and similaritiesbetween the two different imaging approaches. What were the results of imaging procedures inMr. Smiths case?Imaging procedures undertaken were MRI and Abdominal CT scan. A CT scanner operates by sending X-ray beams through the body as it gyrates around an arc taking pictures. The scan can see through v arying levels of tissues and density inside a solid organ. It provides information in detail about the body. Advanced CT scans ensure higher resolution images, faster scanning...

The Music Of The 1940 S - 1273 Words

The music of the 1940’s was the Big Band sound like Tommy Dorsey, Glenn Miller, Duke Ellington and Benny Goodman. Popular singers were the Andrews Sisters, Kay Kaiser and many other famous ones. There were crooner style singers, including Bing Crosby, whose smooth voice made him one of the most popular singers. There was Frank Sinatra, Dinah Shore, Tony Bennett, Pat Boone, Nat King Cole, Kate Smith and Perry Como. All of these very popular singers led the hit parade. They sang the songs that went with the mood of the country in the early 50s. Many of these crooners became the idols of the decade’s later rock and roll stars, who used their influence to create a unique sound. Nat King Cole was not only one of the first African†¦show more content†¦Radio was the lifeline for Americans in the 1940’s, providing news, music and entertainment, much like television today. Programming included soap operas, quiz shows, children’s hours, mystery stories, drama and sports. Kate Smith and Arthur Godfrey were popular radio hosts. The government relied heavily on radio for propaganda. Like the movies, radio faded in popularity as television became prominent. Many of the most popular radio shows continued on in television, including Red Skelton, Abbott and Costello, Jack Benny, Bob Hope and Truth or Consequences. Although my grandmother was a young child during this time, she still remembers the music very vividly, but what she remembers most was her mother always singing along with the radio and dancing around the house as she performed her household chores. Bing Crosby also was a whistler and her mother could also whistle any tune just as good as he did. She passed this happiness and love for music on to my grandmother. As a matter of fact, both of my grandmother’s grandmothers passed on that love of music to her as well. It didn’t stop there. Along came the 1950’s. This is the decade that gave birth to Rock n Roll. There is no one type of popular ‘50s music. During the decade, soloists and crooners shared the stage with rock and roll, country and western, bluegrass, folk, Cajun and creole music. It’s impossible to pin ‘50s music to any one style.

Depression The Hidden Disorder - 2104 Words

Depression: The Hidden Disorder Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest (Staff, 2015). Many times a doctor will call depression major depressive disorder or clinical depression, it can affect how you think, feel, and can cause a number of other physical and emotional problems (Staff, 2015). For most individuals suffering from depression, they do not feel like getting out of bed most days, you would rather stay there and cry, however if you do find the motivation to get out of bed you may have trouble doing every day activities, and even feel as if life is worth going on (Staff, 2015). How many times have we heard parents tell their son to just â€Å"snap out† of it, or have we told our†¦show more content†¦I am focusing on depression in adolescent boys ranging in age from fifteen to eighteen years old. The reason that I have chosen to do my paper on depression, is that my sixteen year old son has been diagnose d with depression. At first, I just thought that he was a typical boy and having trouble adjusting to the physical and mental changes of life. However, a couple of years passed and he seemed to not be snapping out of it. I never dreamed that he was depressed, because he seemed like a happy young man, most of the time. He was not one that seemed to be â€Å"down in the dumps†, or sad; his symptoms did not seem to be symptoms of depression, or at least the symptoms that I thought went along with depression. He was the one that would be happy and everything okay, then someone could ask him a question or say something to him and he would either start crying or become enraged. I spoke with his doctor about what I was seeing and he is the one that mentioned to me that it could be depression. I felt as if my heart skipped a beat, because I could not believe that my son could have depression. Once, his doctor determined that he was depressed, he then sent us to a therapist fo r therapy for my son. However, he is one that is not willing to open up to strangers, so we hit a road block. So then the doctor put him on medication and it has helped. He will never be cured of depression, but we are on our way of him learning to cope with

The Definition Of Risk Taking - 910 Words

1-3-1 Definition of risk-taking : In academic setting, learners are willing to get new knowledge from their teacher, however ; how to interact with teacher ? The only manner is to take risk. In other words ; is the learners’ responsability to interact with their teacher to absorb new information, and to take an active part inside the classroom.In fact, Learners’tendency to take risk is related to how he or she expects to benefit from the outcomes. So, it is essential to try a new information, otherwise ; they are neither, going to benefit nor to learn .Linguists defined â€Å"risk-taking† as the capacity of being wishful to seek new information intelligently regardless of confusion or in linguistics. Risk-taking is not only the third affective domain in personality factors but also one of the important parts in learning second language. It has been defined as a situation where an individual has to make a decision involving choice between alternatives of different desirability; the outcome of the choice is uncertain; there is a possibility of failure (Beebe, 1983). 1-3-2 Researchers’ contributions: Researchers defined risk-taking from different perspectives. According to Brown, â€Å"Interaction requires the risk of failing to produce intended meaning, of failing to interpret intended meaning, of being laughed at , of being shunned or rejected. The reward, of course, are great and worth the risks† (2001, p. 166).Show MoreRelatedThe Concept Of An Entrepreneurship1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe definition of an entrepreneurship is a commonly argued point, with several definitions given by many different people. The Business in Action textbook defines entrepreneurship as the combination of innovation, initiative and willingness take risks required to create and operate new businesses and an entrepreneur as a person with positive, forward-thinking desire to create profitable, sustainable business enterprise. According to this definition, a small business owner could definitely be classedRead MoreA Brief Biography of Entrepreneurship Essay1397 Words   |  6 Pagesextensive portafilo that will give the economic strength to afford multiple resources for a better marketing for it product or services. The purpose of this essay is to give you a definition about entrepreneurship and why it is relevant to start-ups and established firms. 2. Definition Entrepreneurship Many definitions of entrepreneurship can be found in the literature describing business processes. Depends on the focus of the one defining it and from which perspective one looks at it. Some researchersRead MoreFactors That Can Promote or Hinder Enterpreneurship1492 Words   |  6 PagesLIST AND EXPLAIN FACTORS THAT CAN PROMOTE OR HINDER ENTREPRENEURSHIP. Entrepreneur: An entrepreneur is a person who starts an enterprise. He searches for change and responds to it. A number of definitions have been given of an entrepreneur- The economists view him as a fourth factor of production along with land labour and capital. To put it very simply an entrepreneur is someone who perceives opportunity, organizes resources needed for exploiting that opportunity and exploits it. Computers, mobileRead MoreThe Term Entrepreneurship 1558 Words   |  7 PagesOver time many definitions for the term ‘entrepreneurship’ have been given and interpreted, but there is continued discussion on its exact meaning. Blundell, Lockett, and Schumpeter have all offered their definition, and even with their statute in the academic community their definitions are interpreted in different ways. Although entrepreneurs may not be aware of these definitions, they engage in their own version of what entrepreneurship is, and researchers found that they show characteristicsRead MoreThe Main Difference Between Manager and Entrepreneur1675 Words   |  7 Pagesis the main essence of entrepreneurship. If we cast an eye over the past, the economic momentum has been substantially advanced by pragmatic individuals who are crea tive and innovative, able to utilize opportunities and willing to take risks. Whatever the definition of entrepreneurship, it is associated with creativity, literacy, innovation and change that are in turn vital for competitiveness in the wake of increasing globalization. Therefore preparing successful entrepreneurship means advancingRead MoreEntrepreneurial Behavior and Perspective1553 Words   |  7 Pagesfocuses on the definition of entrepreneurship in different contexts and on measuring the level of entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurship has been defined differently through neo-classical and economic literatures. Theoretical definitions of entrepreneurship reflect a diverse set of ideas about the role of entrepreneurship in the economy, involving aspects such as innovation, uncertainty-bearing, opportunity-seeking, and management. Entrepreneurship is often used without a precise definition and it mayRead MoreObesity : Major Problem Affecting The World1324 Words   |  6 Pagesor 78.6 million U.S adults are obese. It is not a surprise that being overw eight and obese can lead to heart disease, type 2 diabetes, some types of cancers, etc. One can then assume that every person who is obese or overweight is automatically at risk however sometimes a person may have normal vital levels. The term is metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) and it includes obese individuals who live without any health problems that are typically linked with normal obese individuals. Such people haveRead MoreMy Perspective On Leadership And Leadership Development1174 Words   |  5 Pages requiring those who pursue it to have a fluid definition of the term leadership. My definition of leadership is constantly developing due to past experiences, self-reflection, and being surrounded by some of the best educational leaders in North Carolina. Participating in the self narrative and you at your best activities were vital catalysts to my evolving definition of leadership and how I view myself as a leader. I feel my initial definition — leadership is inf luence — still reflects my beliefsRead MoreEssay on Health Promotion in Nursing Practice939 Words   |  4 Pagesvegetables in their meals. Do diet and exercise on a regular basis, try to keep their body fit and prevent obesity which leads to many diseases and complications. As nurses we educate our patients about the harmful effects of smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking illicit drugs. We encourage the patients to quit all these bad habits and adapt to living in a healthy lifestyle. We also encourage our patients and families to go for screening tests for all kinds of cancers like breast, cervix, prostrate and skinRead MoreEssay Jewish Resistance to the Nzi Holocaust922 Words   |  4 Pagesoverlooked. When considering the definition of â€Å"resistance†, historians divide themselves on what this entails; some believe it to be only active, armed resistance attempts, while others define it more liberally. According to Yehuda Bauer, resistance entails â€Å"any gro up action consciously taken in opposition to known or surmised laws, actions, or intentions directed against the Jews by the Germans and their supporters.† Considering resistance with a broad definition such as this ensures that the efforts

Common Stereotypes in Society - 1135 Words

Common Stereotypes Connie L. Scott PHI 103 Informal Logic Angel Vasquez September 10, 2012 As a society, we tend to stereotype. Whether our presumption is right or wrong, some common stereotypes are still accepted as truth no matter how much evidence there is proving another point of view. Three common stereotypes I see are those that involve abused women, Blacks and their love of fried chicken and the ability of older people learning foreign languages. Many of these stereotypes are reinforced by cultures and what is commonly seen within their culture. These stereotypes can have a long lasting effect on the people that are judged by the stereotype and a long lasting effect on the perception of those people. When most people†¦show more content†¦One of the reasons for this stereotype can be attributed to the older adult and the teacher, they have doubts about their ability to learn a foreign language. Although most people have accepted the generalization of learning as â€Å"the younger the better† (Schleppegrell, M., 1987), this is not the case when i t comes to learning language. There have been studies that have determined that aging does not decline a person’s learning ability. The way older adults learn a new skill is the only adjustments that need to be made. These studies also show that older adults learn at a more rapid rate than children (Krashen, Long, and Scarcella, 1979). There are two reasons why being a poor language learner is attributed to adults, and those are â€Å"a theory of the brain and how it matures, and classroom practices that discriminate against the older learner† (Schleppegrell, M., 1987). The critical period hypothesis that was put forth in the 1960 s was based on then-current theories of brain development, and argued that the brain lost cerebral plasticity after puberty, making second language acquisition more difficult as an adult than as a child (Lenneberg, 1967). Due to advances in the study of neurology, it has been determined that adults have superior language learning capab ilities. These studies and facts should dispel any accepted stereotypes related to older adults and their ability to learn foreign languages. One thing that is common amongst all ofShow MoreRelatedIn American society, the common stereotype is that the father has the role of the dominant figure800 Words   |  4 PagesIn American society, the common stereotype is that the father has the role of the dominant figure in the household. Sylvia Plath and Sharon Olds may come across as two seemingly different poets, however, they are really quite similar, especially in their driving forces behind their writing styles in poetry. The lives of Plath and Olds are both expressive of the realities of a father-dominated family, in which both of these poets lost their fathers at a young age. This is significant because bothRead MoreComm 3311707 Words   |  7 Pagesso many different stereotypes of black women, both positive and negative. The media plays a role in how black women are seen in soc iety. A stereotype is a commonly held public belief about or types of individuals. The concepts of stereotype and prejudice are often confused with many other different meanings. Stereotypes can be about different age, racial or ethnic groups based on some prior assumptions. (J.F. Healey, Race, Ethnicity, Gender and Class pp33-35). The stereotypes seen in the mediaRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of Stereotypes1660 Words   |  7 Pagesand Usage of Stereotypes on Individuals On an average day, one might turn on the television to a variety of shows. Some may display a husband coming home from work to a meal cooked by his wife, and others may show a blonde girl proving her lack of common sense. Nevertheless, this comes to show how commonly it occurs that stereotypes are presented in our daily lives. Stereotypes are considered to be widely generalized perceptions of particular groups of people. There are stereotypes in regards toRead MoreGrouping People Based on Stereotypes1322 Words   |  5 PagesEvans once said, â€Å"Attempting to get at truth means rejecting stereotypes and clichà ©s†. Yet at some points stereotypes help us to gain a truth that would otherwise have to be learnt over and over again, each time we encountered it. When trying to view the world, one must realise that by grouping people based on stereotypes, they are allowing themselves to recognise different peoples, threats, ideas and many other different aspects of society. Wheth er this grouping has any real basis or not is the entireRead MoreGender Inequality And Gender Equality1725 Words   |  7 PagesThe collective opinion of a ‘perfect society’ varies according to each individual, but the same general concepts usually remain quite similar: incredibly advanced technology, lush landscapes in hundreds of different shades of green, with copious amounts of peace and tranquility. Gender equality, however, is something that seems to be left out of the typical picture of the ‘perfect society’. 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A stereotype is â€Å"an exaggerated, distorted, or untrue generalization about categories of people that do not acknowledge individual variation† (Croteau 2017: p.258). Stereotypes usually â€Å"begin with a kernel of truth that is dramatically inflated† (Jacobs: 2014). However, sometimes they spring up out of nowhere and are hard to control. People are not born with the knowledge that stereotypes exist in society, they develop prejudices andRead MoreThe Are The Gods Of The Gym1729 Words   |  7 Pagesthey felt so inclined. The definition of a stereotype is a widely held oversimplified image of a particular person or group. Similar to stereotypes, misconceptions are views or opinions that are incorrect, because they are based on faulty understandings. Stereotypes stem from commonalities within groups, which often cause others to categorize them. Misconceptions originate from false information or misunderstanding, that have been carried out through society. Powerlifters and olympic weightlifters areRead MoreSatire In Family Guy1384 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is a stereotype? The Free Dictionary defines a stereotype as â€Å"a simplified and standardized conception or image invested with special meaning and held in common by members of a group† (Stereotype). Although many people may not realize it, stereotypes influence how they interact with others each day. People judge others because of their race, ethnicity, religion, and heritage before they even know the person. These judgements come from stereotypes they encounter in their lives. There areRead MoreRacial Inequality : Guess Who 11352 Words   |  6 PagesRACIAL INEQUALITY IN GUESS WHO 1 The 2005 film Guess Who illustrates how racial inequality is present within society, and how race is used by our society to create and manufacture social categories. 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Critically Discuss the Role of Self-Control free essay sample

Self-control separates us from our ancient ancestors and the rest of the animal kingdom, thanks to our large prefrontal cortices. Rather than responding to immediate impulses, we can plan, we can evaluate alternative actions, and we can refrain from doing things well regret. We can also take advantage of these innately human abilities by developing wisdom and willpower. Neuroscientists often report that, although we have only one brain, we have two minds: one that works impulsively and seeks immediate gratification and another one that controls our impulses and delays gratification until we meet our future goals. When these two minds have competing goals, we face challenges related to the strength of our will. The writer and health psychologist at the University of Stanford, Kelly McGonigal, says strategies from her book entitled The WillPower Instinct: How Self-Control Works, Why It Matters, and What You Can Do to Get More of It and her themes include diet and weight loss, health, addictions, smoking cessation, temptations, procrastination, stress, exercise, self-remorse and shame. I will continue my essay by indicating some studies and their results. People behave differently when theyve ingested calories recently as opposed to when they havent. Less hungry organisms might be more patient, less punitive, and better able to concentrate on a task before them, for instance. This should seem intuitive to all of us who get really grouchy when we havent eaten in a while (as in the hungry people in commercials from the clever series of Snickers ads) and makes a lot of sense from the standpoint of thinking about how to design an organism that has many possible priorities. Hungry organisms should be expected to behave differently from full ones, generally shifting their attention and energy toward getting food, to the exclusion of other priorities. A new paper by Molden et al. o appear in Psychological Science, The Motivational versus Metabolic Effects of Carbohydrates on Self-Control, reports four experiments that put these ideas to the test. ‘In the first study, the authors wanted to address a shortcoming of prior work by using very accurate tools to measure glucose. Subjects fasted for four hours, had their blood glucose measured, performed a self-control task frequently used in this literature, and then had their blood glucose measured again. For the glucose model of self-control to be correct, the readings must be lower after the task than before. Not only did glucose not go down, but it went up (from 81. 7 mg/dL to 82. 39 mg/dL), though not statistically significantly. To connect this back to the key paper in this literature (cited 287 times, as of this writing), in that paper (Gailliot et al. , 2007), across four studies reported (for subjects who did not fast), glucose also went up about 1 mg/dL. So thats consistent with the prior results. It contrasts, however, with the report from that same paper of a drop of 5. 88 mg/dL, results from subjects who had fasted. This implies that there was indeed a problem with the measurement in that study, or there was some other problem with the data. In a second experiment, the authors drew on some studies from the exercise literature that there is in the paper in Evolutionary Psychology. In this work, it was found that merely rinsing with sugar solutions increases performance on physical activity (e. g. , bicycling), suggesting that increased performance on cognitive tasks might be due to the sensation of reward when one drinks a beverage with carbohydrates in it, rather than willpower fuel. ’ Molden et al used a similar procedure, having people complete a self-control task and then swish—but not swallow—solution with sugar or a non-sugar sweetener. Briefly, they found that swishing the glucose solution—but not the sweetener—yielded effects frequently seen in this literature, suggesting that that, just as in the exercise case, its the reward, not the glucose itself, thats affecting behavior. A third study replicated the second, the last study showed that swishing with the sugary solution doesnt give rise to more glucose in the blood. In sum, these data, as well as other sets of results, clearly show that exerting self-control does not, in fact, reduce glucose, a finding which is not surprising, given that it is consistent with what is known about brain metabolism. The results that apparently contradict this result, those reported by Gailliot et al (Study 1), might very well, it seems, be due to error in the measurement device, or some other factor. The findings that exerting self-control doesnt reduce blood glucose critically undermines the larger model, which turns on the idea that whatever the resource is, performing self-control task uses it up. If self-control tasks do not reduce blood glucose, then the reason for subsequent drops in self-control tasks cant possibly be due to a drop in glucose. The willpower is a useful definition to understand an abstract concept, but unlike the hysical strength, willpower is not something that anyone can practice. Or maybe is? It is commonly known that the practice of specific brain functions improves performance on projects that require the use of these functions. But unearthed some fascinating broader impact of cognitive training: recent research indicates that cognitive training can lead to improvemen ts in other aspects of life. A study that published in the journal Psychological Science, showed that daily brain training can help boost willpower and promotes healthy lifestyle choices in many ways. Researchers from the University of Amsterdam studied a group of alcoholics who had trouble controlling the automatic urge to consume alcohol. The researchers hypothesized that enhancing cognitive functions such as working memory, which is important for the maintenance and manipulation of information for prospective targets, could indirectly help alcoholics to control their impulses and drink less. To test this theory, the researchers divided the participants into two groups. The team completed 25 training sessions daily challenge of working memory involving exercises. Participants in the control group also completed daily exercises for working memory, but only performed the easiest level for each one. To test this theory, the researchers divided the participants into two groups. The team completed 25 training sessions daily challenge of working memory involving exercises. Participants in the control group also completed daily exercises for working memory, but only performed the easiest level for each one. The results showed that the training group improved their memory capacity and also consumed less alcohol than the control group. In addition, improvements were duration: one month later the group participants had even less education level of alcohol consumption compared with the control group. This research indicates that daily cognitive exercise can contribute to gains in lifestyle in addition to improving the functioning of the brain may contribute to the overall smarter decisions, which can sustain the body healthy. Both the mind and body derive from the same source of power. But what is the source? Matthew Gailliot, a researcher at the University of Amsterdam states that ‘the fuel of willpower is glucose. Somehow this is not surprising, since glucose is the dominant fuel material of our body. It is the same material used by skeletal muscles to exert their power and the same material that the brain uses for various projects. What is surprising is that willpower utilizes much of this material, even when the body is resting. According to Gailliot, ‘willpower is a costly mental energy, using many b rain areas and requiring high levels of glucose. ’ (Gailliot et al. 2007) The Gailliot and colleagues showed that self-monitoring simple actions require high levels of glucose. In one set of studies Gailliot, participants had to control their thoughts, feelings or behavior. Immediately after each self-energy, glucose levels in the blood of participants decreased. Glucose levels did not fall during similar projects in which the participants had no self control. Participants then were asked to repeat the actions of self. Those whose glucose levels had fallen more in the first exercise, had the worst performance in the second attempt. The participants were given a sugary drink between projects were more able to exert willpower during the second attempt. A recent publication in the journal NewScientist study conducted by psychologists at Florida State University, said that whenever a man enters the test to resist a temptation then exhaust and some of its stored power for temperance. For example, a man who follows a specific diet plan and frequently goes to the dilemma whether to succumb to the temptation to eat or not to eat a cake and break the diet, then every time a bit of exhaust stocks of temperance. The more often tucked into similar temptations, the more certain is that it will soon be rid of inhibitions. The researchers concluded that ‘every time we practice self-control we use some of the saved will power and it is required some time to complete the stocks again. ’ Perhaps this explains the fact that most people who follow for a first time a hypocaloric diet usually apply it more consistently, with each subsequent effort becomes increasingly difficult. In the same study, researchers found another conclusion. The people who had drunk one juice a few minutes before the imminent process of resistance exercise showed much greater ability continence than those who had not eaten anything or had consumed a beverage with sugar substitute. The glucose that is contained in the natural juice has been a key factor to increase the levels of abstinence before the sight of a tempting cake. Finally, the researchers concluded in another conclusion. The constant effort to reduce restraint stocks glucose to the brain so if there is constant replenishment of the body with glucose from natural sources such as fruits and natural juices then willpower is a matter of time run out with mathematical precision leading to a vicious cycle of bulimia episodes, guilt and stop dieting. For someone to train his willpower and self-control will have to exert just as we entered the process to develop the muscular system in a gym. Adopting clocked stable meals as described above is the first step in developing a sound nutritional awareness. Establishing a specific time to exercise, for example, every evening at 6 pm will create a new neural interface that would relieve the daily dilemma when to exercise or if you have the time to workout, leaving more room in willpower to be used for other potential dilemmas. If these goals are precise and not obscure or generally then increase the chances to be implemented. It is preferable to have in mind a positive outcome rather than bother with the fear of failure. The vision and focus on a positive outcome is the best strategy for achieving a goal. Imagine in a room hundreds of four year old children who enjoy delicious cookies and candy. Before they manage to enjoy the next cookie, the researcher offered two options: †¢ to immediately get one last cookie †¢ take two cookies, but if they wait 15 minutes. Can toddlers resist the sweet temptation and wait for 15 minutes, or are delivered to the immediate gratification of their appetites? This simple test of willpower and similar studies that followed in subsequent years, revealed the importance of self-discipline and self-control in children, and showed that these characteristics affect subsequent adulthood. Decades after the experiment with the sweet and having analyzed the data from the children, who participated, scientists have identified the underlying brain circuits responsible for willpower. Lets look at the details and conclusions of the experiment: Want a cookie? Nearly 40 years ago, more than 600 children participated in the experiment of sweets designed by psychologist Walter Mischel and his colleagues at Stanford University. ‘Sometimes researchers do not have enough time to finish their speech about the experiment and the children had already begun to eat candy or cookie,’ said neuroscientist BJ Casey from the Medical College Weill Cornell, which has taken part in several studies from this research. ‘But other four year managed to wait, playing or creating imaginary friends, so they were distracted. The researchers then noticed that many of the children who quickly succumbed to the temptation had lower school grades, higher body mass index and a slightly increased risk of substance abuse later. Casey called these children quickly gave in and did not succumb to the temptation as a ‘weakness’, while the other succumbed as ‘high r esistance’. ‘Of course, if you are in the group of weakness, you are not doomed to a life of poor quality. These results are the average of the whole group and not applicable for everyone,’ said Casey. ‘Personally, I think we need both types, high and low resistance. The high impedance is more methodical, while low resistance may be more prone but pay more attention to new or interesting things tempting. If you need investigators, the low resistances are the ones you want. ’ Individuals weakness could be said to be living in today, here and now, are creative, social, features live, become the focus of our attention. But for all that the price is the lack of preparation for tomorrow. Individuals high resistance geared for tomorrow, paving the way for future successes, saving economies and make healthy choices of activities. Naturally risking everything because there is a risk they expect to achieve in the future may not be ever! Mischel meet again the children of the experiment after 14 years, when they were teenagers and he spotted on their celebrities almost the same features. The ‘abstinent’ kids that had shown resistance to impulse, characterized them confidence, reliability and good performance in their courses, while ‘non-abstinent’ the professor found them to be stubborn and impulsive, with an average grade at test that the abstemious made†¦ In another study by Mischel and his colleagues found some tricks that could use small children to resist temptation. For example think of sweets like cookies or clouds as images. Probably next surveys will determine if educating people to pay attention to things that help them regulate their behavior, could help them defeat obesity or an addiction. In a recent study presented by Professor Philip Zimbardo, psychology at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Society, found that there is another important dimension to the ability or inability of the kid to ostpone immediate consumption of sweets. According to the American psychologist, the kids directly ate the sweets are captives of current needs, while those who postponed consumption is future-oriented and decisions taken for the long term. We all seem to have something inside us that guides our decisions, which is formed by a multitude of factors, such as family environment, our financial position, our level of education, the geographical area in which we grow and the culture to which we belong . According to Garavan, although it is difficult to define exactly what makes a man impulsive or cautious by looking his brain, age always brings changes and this gives researchers information. The front lobes are parts of the brain that matures last: they grow and change even during the decade of 20-30 years. This may explain the difficulty of adolescents to demonstrate self-control. But the elderly have the reputation that they have no inhibitions, especially as regards the expression of their views. Brain imaging studies have shown that with the passage of time more and larger areas required to maintain self-control, which means that as we age the system becomes less efficient and requires strengthening. The sex finally appears to play a role as men are more impulsive than women and even from an early age. Perhaps that explains the fact that boys exhibit more behavioral problems such as aggression or attention deficit and hyperactivity, compared with girls. Garavan ascribes this to the influence of sex hormones on the brain. Besides neurological, scientists have identified and physiological differences between compulsive and moderate people. Suzzane Segerstorm from the University of Kentucky found that people with greater ability to resist temptations showed a temporary increase in HRV (heart rate variability, an indicator of small variations in heart rate), which was followed by his fall. As there are people with higher HRV index, it is reasonable to assume that they pose for intrinsically greater capacity self. In terms of physiology, however, glucose levels in our blood seem to be crucial for maintaining the strength of our will. The granting of a sweet lemonade volunteers before exercise self-control, increased the chances of success than those who did not drink the lemonade or those where the lemonade instead of sugar was added artificial sweetener. This observation may explain why they fail grandiose plans: to stop smoking may require all reserves of self-control and not something left over for regular exercise and healthy eating. Given that all of the above shows that the strength of our self-control determined by biology, we can conclude that there is no reason to try to change what we have inherited. The researchers did not agree and explain that willpower is like our muscular system: open practice and improvement. Additionally it was found that if someone exercises self-control in one part of his life, the improvement will extend to several areas. What we have to do, researchers say, is a detailed written plan of objectives (found to the complete recording of the target dramatically increases the chances of implementation), to maintain high levels of glucose and attack!

Social Marketing Australian Reptile Park

Question: Discuss about the Social Marketing Australian Reptile Park. Answer: The Australian Reptile Park-The organization: The Australian Reptile Park is a reptile park and zoo logical garden located near Sydney which houses a wide variety of reptiles, mammals, invertebrates, birds and amphibians with special preference to Australian species. The park also has a venom section which collects venom and manufactures anti venom to save envenomed people. The Australian Reptile Park is a conservation centre for endangered animals and is a member of the Zoo and Aquarium Association ("About Us", 2017). Its venom program provides information about avoiding envenomation, first aid and medical centres to be approached in case of envenomation. Today, the park is a life saving organization and not a mere a profitable amusement park business. It is this humanitarian function of the park which can be extended to reach out to more people. Campaigning Method: The Australian Reptile Park campaigns its venom program by regular shows and training services to its visitors. The park also promotes the same through the hospitals, clinics and their health camps. The message about the venom program is also spread by various websites, including the parks official website. Australian Reptile Park-SWOT Analysis- Strengths: The Australian Reptile Park has a great collection of animals like reptiles, amphibians, mammals and birds which make it a great attraction among the Australians and tourists. The park has a venom division which supplies anti-venom, thus making the application a legitimate addition to the products of the park. Weakness: The park is in Sydney and has limited access to the other parts of Australia where incidences of bites mostly take place. It cannot reach out to people to the required extent and help them out. Opportunities: The park is located in Sydney and can get the medical infrastructure required to fight venom affects in the victims. It can make use of the transport facilities available in Sydney like railways, roadways and airways to reach out to the people even, the ones living in the interior. It can maintain a standard pricing strategy for the shows and education services it provides to the people. Threats: There are places in Australia which have no access to modern technology, especially the areas inhabited by the tribal people. This hinders promotion of the mobile application which is heavily dependent on the technological advancement of various regions (Adams et al., 2015). Target Market of the Australian Reptile Park based on the 4 Ps of Marketing: Products are offerings to fulfil needs of consumers in return of money. They can be tangible (goods) or intangible (services) measurable in terms of quality, quantity and cost (Stark, 2015). The Australian Reptile Park has two types of customers, the visitors who come to see the animals for amusement or knowledge and the victims of bites ("Sydney Attractions Wildlife Park - Australian Reptile Park", 2017). The park provides training services to the people who come to see the animals and also provides facilities for private parties. Antivenom is the only product the park provides and its main customers are the hospitals and medical institutes which treat people bitten by poisonous animals. The park must also maintain a good collection of poisonous animals to obtain good quality venom (Pl et al., 2014). Pricing refers to the structure of prices which an organizations charges to its various group of customers. The park can maintain different pricing strategies for various types of consumers. The medical institutes should be charged less for the anti-venom so that they in turn can charge the patients less. The private party customers can be charged high so that the revenue generated can be used to maintain the zoo, especially, the venomous animals whose venom form raw materials for the ant-ivenom. The pricing education services should be affordable so that people irrespective of their income can participate in them and use the knowledge to save like of others and their own (McCardle Atkin, 2016). Place may refer to a physical place like Sydney or the digital space as in ace of applications. The park is situated in Sydney, which is one of the biggest cities in Australia, well connected to the national and international destinations. The extensive network of roads, railways, airways and waterways help the people to reach the park easily (Robson Dixit, 2017). This advantage of place also allows transportation of anti-venom with Sydney and outside easily. However, all the places of Australia are not equally accessible by conventional communication lines, necessitating the need for an application which can help a person in need even in the interiors of the country (Spooner, 2015). The park can set up medical centres in interior locations to reach out to the people living in those regions in case of an emergency (Mbemba, Gagnon Hamelin-Brabant, 2016). Figure 1. Diagram showing snake bite fatalities due to five species (Source: "Australia's Venomous Snakes: The Modern Myth", 2017) Figure 2. An article from The Telegraph reporting a fatality due to brown snake bite in Sydney . (Source: "Australian killed after deadly brown snake bite", 2017) Promotion refers to the method of informing the customers, suppliers and the other stakeholders about the existence of a product or a service. The product or the service may be the existing ones or new to the market. Promotion creates a market where the organization can sell its products and earn revenue. The reptile park can promote its products, especially its venom services through digital and print media. Its official website also provides useful information and even allows purchasing of tickets. The park can approach celebrities and publish editorials to promote itself (Potter Hill, 2016). The mobile application should be a part of the venom service which will allow the people living the interior regions to contact the nearest medical centres using the anti-venom produced by the park in case of an envenomation (Jang-Jaccard et al., 2014). Influence of the application on the people: The application of the reptile park available on the mobile handset can help many people to get emergency medical attention (Brian Ben-Zeev, 2014). The reptile park can educate people to deal with envenomation and also how to stay away from venomous animals. The application will have a tremendous positive effect on the people and will help them to get urgent medical aid if they are bitten (Pian et al., 2013). This can help the Australian Reptile Park to reach out to a large number of people simultaneously, thus increasing its span of operation. Many people of Australia live in the interior where medical aid is not easily available. This application can help such people because it will also raise alarm or an information trigger regarding the accident in the systems of the nearest medical centres to ensure fast action (Sun, Ho Chang, 2016). The people will also be educated about deadly animals and how to keep them away. Hence, this will also change their behaviour towards animals and they will also take steps to keep such animals away from their localities (Fryxell, Sinclair Caughley, 2014). Promotion of the application: A catchy message revealing the usefulness of the mobile application will inform people about it and also create a market for it. The hospitals and medical items suppliers also need to use the application to get the alarm triggered by a person in need (Brusse et al., 2014). The application will be advertised on the television on the channels like Discovery and National Geographic channels which have a very high viewership and are appropriate for the purpose. Attention grabbing message: The name of the application will be Antifangs written in red with a fang (poison injecting tooth in animals) with a drop of poison dripping from it which will tell about the purpose of the application. The tagline will be-Stay Away Fangs with the image of the fang created on the background of the Australian Reptile Park. The message will also promote that the application and the emblem are properties of the Australian National park. The application will be advertised between shows to grab the viewers attention repeatedly. Evaluation of the marketing plan: Marketing of the application will need continuous assessment to ensure that the promotions are really fruitful and the demand for the application keep on increasing. The market penetration of the application also needs to be judged in order to estimate how many people can be helped by it. The following are the steps to be taken to evaluate the strength of the message: Return on investment: The Australian Reptile Park should set up a separate team dedicated towards marketing and promotion of the application. The finance department should incorporate the values related to the application in the books of accounts and calculate the return from investment. A good increase will indicate better market penetration and more lives being helped and saved. This will also indicate a positive opinion of the people about the product (Mawson Lambert, 2016). Customer Response: The Australian Reptile Park should carry out a random survey among the people about their lifestyle, experiences about encounters with animals, any history of envenomation in their knowledge and so on. The surveyor at this point of time informs new customers about the application and if the customer already uses it, he should be asked about his view on it. The customers can also be encouraged to tell about an incident of envenomation after which the new application helped him get medical aid very fast. The response will also help the authorities to find new avenue in the market which can be explored to earn more revenue, the ultimate goal of an organization (Atapattu Sedera, 2014). Conclusion: Organizations like the Australian Reptile Park play a very significant role by providing antivenom to the medical institutes and helping them to save lives of the people bitten. However, like any other organization, they are limited to a specific area and cannot provide crucial help in far flung places. A mobile application can help these organizations to expand their areas of services and save peoples lives. Such an application has a great positive effect on the society and opens new avenue for earning revenue. A mobile application needs promotion so as to gain market penetration. The marketing strategies should be evaluated regularly to ensure expected performance of the applications in the market and high revenue. References: About Us. (2017). Australian Reptile Park - Wildlife Park Sydney Animal Encounters Australia. Retrieved 1 February 2017, from https://reptilepark.com.au/about/ Adams, J., Valery, P. C., Sibbritt, D., Bernardes, C. M., Broom, A., Garvey, G. (2015). Use of traditional Indigenous medicine and complementary medicine among Indigenous cancer patients in Queensland, Australia.Integrative cancer therapies,14(4), 359-365. 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