Comparison Between Directed and Reported Speech

ask rescue VS. REPORTED patois at that place are two ways to report what someone says or thinks 1. Direct nomenclature shows a somebodys exact words. Quotation marks (. . . ) are a sign that the words are the verbalise(prenominal) words that a person used. For example Madison What do you want to extinguish for lunch? Jason I think I will have hamburger. Direct computer address Maria asked, What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason replied, I think I will have hamburger. 2. Reported speech (Indirect speech) puts the speakers words or ideas into a sentence without quotation marks. Noun clauses are usually used.For example Madison What do you want to eat for lunch? Jason I think I will have hamburger. Reported speech Madison asked Jason What he wanted for lunch. Jason said that he was thinking of having hamburger for lunch. COMPASRISON BETWEEN DIRECT AND confirmative spoken language 1. 0 VERB TENSE IN REPORTED speech DIRECT livery REPORTED SPEECH simple present bygone pres ent perfect will backside simple past past perfectpast perfect wouldcould Quotation Reported speech I am hungry. She stated that she was hungry. The exam will be next week. Dr. Jones said the exam will be next week 2. QUESTIONS IN REPORTED SPEECH a. Word order The word order in a account question is the same as in a statement. The subject comes before the verb. b. Punctuation If the sentence is a statement, it end with a menstruum (. ) even if it contains a reported question. c. To compound a yes/no question to a noun clause in reported speech, introduce the noun clause with if or whether. Whether or non may also be used. d. To change an information question to a noun clause in reported speech, begin the noun clause with the question word,DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * Question Are you ready? Statement I am ready. * Did you turn by the coffee pot? * Is supper ready? * Where do they live? * When did you call? * She wanted to know if I was ready. * I asked Amy if she ha d turned off the coffee. * Eli wanted to know whether supper was ready. * Abdul wanted to know where they live. * Sharon asked me when I had called. 3. 0 PRONOUNS Since the person who is report what someone said is usually different from the person who made the original statement, pronouns in reported speech often change.DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * I am hungry. * Where will you be? * George said he was hungry. * Bill wanted to know where I would be. 4. 0 PLACE AND TIME Changes in place and cartridge holder words depend on changes in the situation between direct and reported speech. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * I dont like this book. * Ill see you tomorrow. (spoken on Thursday) * Jaime said he didnt like that book. * Michiko said she would see me today. (spoken on Friday) Michiko said she would see me yesterday. (spoken on Saturday) 5. 0 INFINITIVES . Infinitives (to + the simple form of the verb) may sometimes be used instead of noun clauses. b. Commands can be repo rted two ways 1. a noun clause with a modal (usually should) 2. an infinitive c. Requests for action or permission can be reported two ways 1. a noun clause with if 2. an infinitive DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * Call me when you get home. * Action Will you carry the rap for me? * Permission Can I come across an appointment? * -She said that we should call her when we get home. -She said to call her when we get home. -She asked me if I would carry the box for her. * -She asked me to carry the box for her. * -The student asked if he could make an appointment. -The student asked to make an appointment. 6. 0 RECOMMEND AND designate The subjunctive, or base, form of the verb (no tense, without to) is used in reported speech when the main verb is recommend or suggest. DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH * You should arrive early. * Dont wait to apply. * Jason recommended that we arrive early. * Anna recommended that I not wait to apply.